diff --git a/src/wp-includes/html-api/class-wp-html-tag-processor.php b/src/wp-includes/html-api/class-wp-html-tag-processor.php
index 31c4bc8a10654..140e3005f7821 100644
--- a/src/wp-includes/html-api/class-wp-html-tag-processor.php
+++ b/src/wp-includes/html-api/class-wp-html-tag-processor.php
@@ -3812,28 +3812,29 @@ public function set_modifiable_text( string $plaintext_content ): bool {
 		switch ( $this->get_tag() ) {
 			case 'SCRIPT':
 				/**
-				 * This is over-protective, but ensures the update doesn't break
-				 * the HTML structure of the SCRIPT element.
+				 * Identify risky script contents to escape when possible or reject otherwise:
 				 *
-				 * More thorough analysis could track the HTML tokenizer states
-				 * and to ensure that the SCRIPT element closes at the expected
-				 * SCRIPT close tag as is done in {@see ::skip_script_data()}.
+				 * - "</script" could close the SCRIPT element prematurely.
+				 * - "<script" could enter the “script data double escaped state” and prevent the
+				 *   SCRIPT element from closing as expected.
 				 *
-				 * A SCRIPT element could be closed prematurely by contents
-				 * like `</script>`. A SCRIPT element could be prevented from
-				 * closing by contents like `<!--<script>`.
-				 *
-				 * The following strings are essential for dangerous content,
-				 * although they are insufficient on their own. This trade-off
-				 * prevents dangerous scripts from being sent to the browser.
-				 * It is also unlikely to produce HTML that may confuse more
-				 * basic HTML tooling.
+				 * @see WP_HTML_Tag_Processor::escape_javascript_script_contents()
 				 */
-				if (
+				$needs_escaping =
 					false !== stripos( $plaintext_content, '</script' ) ||
-					false !== stripos( $plaintext_content, '<script' )
-				) {
-					return false;
+					false !== stripos( $plaintext_content, '<script' );
+				if ( $needs_escaping ) {
+					if ( $this->is_javascript_script_tag() ) {
+						$plaintext_content = $this->escape_javascript_script_contents( $plaintext_content );
+					} elseif ( $this->is_json_script_tag() ) {
+						$plaintext_content = $this->escape_json_script_contents( $plaintext_content );
+					} else {
+						/*
+						 * Other types of script tags cannot be escaped safely because there is
+						 * no general escaping mechanism for arbitrary types of content.
+						 */
+						return false;
+					}
 				}
 
 				$this->lexical_updates['modifiable text'] = new WP_HTML_Text_Replacement(
@@ -3845,13 +3846,9 @@ public function set_modifiable_text( string $plaintext_content ): bool {
 				return true;
 
 			case 'STYLE':
-				$plaintext_content = preg_replace_callback(
-					'~</(?P<TAG_NAME>style)~i',
-					static function ( $tag_match ) {
-						return "\\3c\\2f{$tag_match['TAG_NAME']}";
-					},
-					$plaintext_content
-				);
+				if ( false !== stripos( $plaintext_content, '</style' ) ) {
+					$plaintext_content = $this->escape_style_contents( $plaintext_content );
+				}
 
 				$this->lexical_updates['modifiable text'] = new WP_HTML_Text_Replacement(
 					$this->text_starts_at,
@@ -3891,6 +3888,312 @@ static function ( $tag_match ) {
 		return false;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Indicates if the currently matched tag is a JavaScript script tag.
+	 *
+	 * Note that this does not parse a MIME type. This behavior is well-documented in
+	 * in the HTML standard and uses string comparisons, *not* actual MIME Types.
+	 *
+	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/scripting.html#prepare-the-script-element
+	 *
+	 * @ignore
+	 * @todo Consider a public API that is clear and general.
+	 *
+	 * @since 7.0.0
+	 *
+	 * @return bool True if the script tag will be evaluated as JavaScript.
+	 */
+	private function is_javascript_script_tag(): bool {
+		if ( 'SCRIPT' !== $this->get_tag() || $this->get_namespace() !== 'html' ) {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * > If any of the following are true:
+		 * >   - el has a type attribute whose value is the empty string;
+		 * >   - el has no type attribute but it has a language attribute and that attribute's
+		 * >     value is the empty string; or
+		 * >   - el has neither a type attribute nor a language attribute,
+		 * > then let the script block's type string for this script element be "text/javascript".
+		 */
+		$type_attr     = $this->get_attribute( 'type' );
+		$language_attr = $this->get_attribute( 'language' );
+		if ( true === $type_attr || '' === $type_attr ) {
+			return true;
+		}
+		if (
+			null === $type_attr
+			&& ( null === $language_attr || true === $language_attr || '' === $language_attr )
+		) {
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * > Otherwise, if el has a type attribute, then let the script block's type string be
+		 * > the value of that attribute with leading and trailing ASCII whitespace stripped.
+		 * > Otherwise, el has a non-empty language attribute; let the script block's type string
+		 * > be the concatenation of "text/" and the value of el's language attribute.
+		 */
+		$type_string = null !== $type_attr ? trim( $type_attr, " \t\f\r\n" ) : "text/{$language_attr}";
+
+		/*
+		 * > If the script block's type string is a JavaScript MIME type essence match, then
+		 * > set el's type to "classic".
+		 *
+		 * > A string is a JavaScript MIME type essence match if it is an ASCII case-insensitive
+		 * > match for one of the JavaScript MIME type essence strings.
+		 *
+		 * > A JavaScript MIME type is any MIME type whose essence is one of the following:
+		 * >
+		 * > - application/ecmascript
+		 * > - application/javascript
+		 * > - application/x-ecmascript
+		 * > - application/x-javascript
+		 * > - text/ecmascript
+		 * > - text/javascript
+		 * > - text/javascript1.0
+		 * > - text/javascript1.1
+		 * > - text/javascript1.2
+		 * > - text/javascript1.3
+		 * > - text/javascript1.4
+		 * > - text/javascript1.5
+		 * > - text/jscript
+		 * > - text/livescript
+		 * > - text/x-ecmascript
+		 * > - text/x-javascript
+		 *
+		 * @see https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#javascript-mime-type-essence-match
+		 * @see https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#javascript-mime-type
+		 */
+		switch ( strtolower( $type_string ) ) {
+			case 'application/ecmascript':
+			case 'application/javascript':
+			case 'application/x-ecmascript':
+			case 'application/x-javascript':
+			case 'text/ecmascript':
+			case 'text/javascript':
+			case 'text/javascript1.0':
+			case 'text/javascript1.1':
+			case 'text/javascript1.2':
+			case 'text/javascript1.3':
+			case 'text/javascript1.4':
+			case 'text/javascript1.5':
+			case 'text/jscript':
+			case 'text/livescript':
+			case 'text/x-ecmascript':
+			case 'text/x-javascript':
+				return true;
+
+			/*
+			 * > Otherwise, if the script block's type string is an ASCII case-insensitive match for
+			 * > the string "module", then set el's type to "module".
+			 *
+			 * A module is evaluated as JavaScript.
+			 */
+			case 'module':
+				return true;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * > Otherwise, if the script block's type string is an ASCII case-insensitive match for the string "importmap", then set el's type to "importmap".
+		 * > Otherwise, if the script block's type string is an ASCII case-insensitive match for the string "speculationrules", then set el's type to "speculationrules".
+		 *
+		 * These conditions indicate JSON content.
+		 */
+
+		/*
+		 * > Otherwise, return. (No script is executed, and el's type is left as null.)
+		 */
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Indicates if the currently matched tag is a JSON script tag.
+	 *
+	 * @ignore
+	 * @todo Consider a public API that is clear and general.
+	 * @todo Use a MIME type parser when available.
+	 *
+	 * @since 7.0.0
+	 *
+	 * @return bool True if the script tag should be treated as JSON.
+	 */
+	private function is_json_script_tag(): bool {
+		if ( 'SCRIPT' !== $this->get_tag() || $this->get_namespace() !== 'html' ) {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		$type = $this->get_attribute( 'type' );
+		if ( null === $type || true === $type || '' === $type ) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		$type = strtolower( trim( $type, " \t\f\r\n" ) );
+
+		/*
+		 * > …
+		 * > Otherwise, if the script block's type string is an ASCII case-insensitive match for the string "importmap", then set el's type to "importmap".
+		 * > Otherwise, if the script block's type string is an ASCII case-insensitive match for the string "speculationrules", then set el's type to "speculationrules".
+		 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#script-processing-model
+		 *
+		 * > A JSON MIME type is any MIME type whose subtype ends in "+json" or whose essence
+		 * > is "application/json" or "text/json".
+		 *
+		 * @todo The JSON MIME type handling handles some common cases but when MIME type parsing is available it should be leveraged here.
+		 *
+		 * @see https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#json-mime-type
+		 */
+		if (
+			'importmap' === $type ||
+			'speculationrules' === $type ||
+			'application/json' === $type ||
+			'text/json' === $type
+		) {
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Escape JavaScript script tag contents.
+	 *
+	 * Prevent JavaScript text from modifying the HTML structure of a document and
+	 * ensure that it's contained within its enclosing SCRIPT tag as intended.
+	 *
+	 * JavaScript can be safely escaped with a few exceptions. This is achieved by
+	 * replacing dangerous sequences like "<script" and "</script" with a form
+	 * using a Unicode escape sequence "<\u0073cript>" and "</\u0073cript>".
+	 *
+	 * This text may appear in the JavaScript in limited ways, all of which support
+	 * the use of Unicode escape sequences on the "s" character. The escaping is safe
+	 * to perform in all JavaScript and the modified JavaScript maintains identical
+	 * behavior with a few exceptions:
+	 *
+	 * - Comments.
+	 * - Tagged templates like `String.raw()` that access “raw” strings.
+	 * - The `source` property of a RegExp object.
+	 *
+	 * For example, this input JavaScript:
+	 *
+	 *     // A comment: "</script>"
+	 *
+	 *     console.log( String.raw`</script>` );
+	 *
+	 *     const regex = /<script>/;
+	 *     console.log( regex.source );
+	 *
+	 * Is transformed to:
+	 *
+	 *     // A comment: "</\u0073cript>"
+	 *
+	 *     console.log( String.raw`</\u0073cript>` );
+	 *
+	 *     const regex = /<\u0073cript>/;
+	 *     console.log( regex.source );
+	 *
+	 * Note that the RegExp's matching behavior is equivalent, meaning that
+	 * `regex.test( '<script>' ) === true` in both the unescaped and
+	 * escaped versions.
+	 *
+	 * JavaScript that relies on behavior affected by this escaping must provide
+	 * safe script contents in order to avoid this escaping. For example, a raw string
+	 * may be split up to make its contents safe or avoided altogether:
+	 *
+	 *     console.log( String.raw`</script>` );                // !!UNSAFE!! Will be escaped.
+	 *     console.log( String.raw`</\u0073cript>` );           // "</\u0073cript>"
+	 *     console.log( String.raw`</scr` + String.raw`ipt>` ); // "</script>"
+	 *     console.log( String.raw`</${"script"}>` );           // "</script>"
+	 *     console.log( "\x3C/script>" );                       // "</script>"
+	 *     console.log( "<\/script>" );                         // "</script>"
+	 *
+	 * The following graph is a simplified interpretation of how HTML interprets the contents
+	 * of a SCRIPT tag and identifies the closing tag. It is useful to understand what text
+	 * is dangerous inside of a SCRIPT tag and why different approaches to escaping work.
+	 *
+	 *                              Open script
+	 *                                  │
+	 *                                  │
+	 *                                  ▼
+	 *               ╔═════════════════════════════════════════╗   <!--(…)>
+	 *               ║                                         ║   (all dashes)
+	 *               ║                 script                  ║ ───────────────┐
+	 *               ║                  data                   ║                │
+	 *   ┌────────── ║                                         ║ ◀──────────────┘
+	 *   │           ╚═════════════════════════════════════════╝
+	 *   │             │               ▲                    ▲
+	 *   │             │ <!--          │ -->                └─────┐
+	 *   │             ▼               │                          │
+	 *   │           ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐  │
+	 *   │ </script† │                 escaped                 │  │
+	 *   │           └─────────────────────────────────────────┘  │
+	 *   │             │               ▲             │            │ -->
+	 *   │             │ </script†     │ </script†   │ <script†   │
+	 *   │             ▼               │             ▼            │
+	 *   │           ╔══════════════╗  │           ┌───────────┐  │
+	 *   │           ║ Close script ║  │           │  double   │  │
+	 *   └─────────▶ ║              ║  └────────── │  escaped  │ ─┘
+	 *               ╚══════════════╝              └───────────┘
+	 *
+	 *        † = Case insensitive 'script' followed by one of ' \t\f\r\n/>'
+	 *
+	 * The original source of this graph is included at the bottom of this file.
+	 *
+	 * @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#restrictions-for-contents-of-script-elements
+	 */
+	private function escape_javascript_script_contents( string $text ): string {
+		return preg_replace_callback(
+			'~(?P<HEAD></?)(?P<S_CHAR>s)(?P<TAIL>cript[ \\t\\f\\r\\n/>])~i',
+			static function ( $matches ) {
+				$escaped_s_char = 's' === $matches['S_CHAR']
+					? '\\u0073'
+					: '\\u0053';
+				return "{$matches['HEAD']}{$escaped_s_char}{$matches['TAIL']}";
+			},
+			$text
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Escape JSON script tag contents.
+	 *
+	 * Prevent JSON text from modifying the HTML structure of a document and
+	 * ensure that it's contained within its enclosing SCRIPT tag as intended.
+	 *
+	 * JSON can be escaped simply by replacing "<" with its Unicode escape
+	 * sequence "\u003C". "<" is not part of the JSON syntax and only appears
+	 * in JSON strings, so it's always safe to escape. Furthermore, JSON does
+	 * not allow backslash escaping of "<", so there's no need to consider
+	 * whether the "<" is preceded by an escaping backslash.
+	 *
+	 * For more details, see {@see WP_HTML_Tag_Processor::escape_javascript_script_contents()}.
+	 * @see https://www.json.org/json-en.html
+	 */
+	private function escape_json_script_contents( string $text ): string {
+		return strtr(
+			$text,
+			array( '<' => '\\u003C' )
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Escape style tag contents.
+	 *
+	 * Prevent CSS text from modifying the HTML structure of a document and
+	 * ensure that it's contained within its enclosing STYLE tag as intended.
+	 */
+	private function escape_style_contents( string $text ): string {
+		return preg_replace_callback(
+			'~</(?P<S_CHAR>s)(?P<TAIL>tyle[ \\t\\f\\r\\n/>])~i',
+			static function ( $matches ) {
+				$escaped_s_char = 's' === $matches['S_CHAR']
+					? '\\73'
+					: '\\53';
+				return "</{$escaped_s_char}{$matches['TAIL']}";
+			},
+			$text
+		);
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Updates or creates a new attribute on the currently matched tag with the passed value.
 	 *
@@ -4681,3 +4984,40 @@ public function get_doctype_info(): ?WP_HTML_Doctype_Info {
 	 */
 	const TEXT_IS_WHITESPACE = 'TEXT_IS_WHITESPACE';
 }
+
+/*
+# This is the original Graphviz source for the SCRIPT tag
+# parsing behavior. It's used in the documentation for
+# `WP_HTML_Tag_Processor::escape_javascript_script_contents()`.
+# ====
+digraph {
+	rankdir=TB;
+
+	// Entry point
+	entry [shape=plaintext label="Open script"];
+	entry -> script_data;
+
+	// Double-circle states arranged more compactly
+	data [shape=doublecircle label="Close script"];
+	script_data [shape=doublecircle color=blue label="script\ndata"];
+	script_data_escaped [shape=circle color=orange label="escaped"];
+	script_data_double_escaped [shape=circle color=red label="double\nescaped"];
+
+	// Group related nodes on same ranks where possible
+	{rank=same; script_data script_data_escaped script_data_double_escaped}
+
+	script_data -> script_data [label="<!--(…)>\n(all dashes)"];
+	script_data -> script_data_escaped [label="<!--"];
+	script_data -> data [label="</script†"];
+
+	script_data_escaped -> script_data [label="-->"];
+	script_data_escaped -> script_data_double_escaped [label="<script†"];
+	script_data_escaped -> data [label="</script†"];
+
+	script_data_double_escaped -> script_data [label="-->"];
+	script_data_double_escaped -> script_data_escaped [label="</script†"];
+
+	label="† = Case insensitive 'script' followed by one of ' \\t\\f\\r\\n/>'";
+	labelloc=b;
+}
+*/
diff --git a/tests/phpunit/tests/html-api/wpHtmlTagProcessorModifiableText.php b/tests/phpunit/tests/html-api/wpHtmlTagProcessorModifiableText.php
index 66f9e67f5c8ed..018a66dfed052 100644
--- a/tests/phpunit/tests/html-api/wpHtmlTagProcessorModifiableText.php
+++ b/tests/phpunit/tests/html-api/wpHtmlTagProcessorModifiableText.php
@@ -426,35 +426,40 @@ public function test_updates_basic_modifiable_text_on_supported_nodes( string $h
 	 */
 	public static function data_tokens_with_basic_modifiable_text_updates() {
 		return array(
-			'Text node (start)'       => array( 'Text', 1, 'Blubber', 'Blubber' ),
-			'Text node (middle)'      => array( '<em>Bold move</em>', 2, 'yo', '<em>yo</em>' ),
-			'Text node (end)'         => array( '<img>of a dog', 2, 'of a cat', '<img>of a cat' ),
-			'Encoded text node'       => array( '<figcaption>birds and dogs</figcaption>', 2, '<birds> & <dogs>', '<figcaption>&lt;birds&gt; &amp; &lt;dogs&gt;</figcaption>' ),
-			'SCRIPT tag'              => array( 'before<script></script>after', 2, 'const img = "<img> & <br>";', 'before<script>const img = "<img> & <br>";</script>after' ),
-			'STYLE tag'               => array( '<style></style>', 1, 'p::before { content: "<img> & </style>"; }', '<style>p::before { content: "<img> & \3c\2fstyle>"; }</style>' ),
-			'TEXTAREA tag'            => array( 'a<textarea>has no need to escape</textarea>b', 2, "so it <doesn't>", "a<textarea>so it <doesn't></textarea>b" ),
-			'TEXTAREA (escape)'       => array( 'a<textarea>has no need to escape</textarea>b', 2, 'but it does for </textarea>', 'a<textarea>but it does for &lt;/textarea></textarea>b' ),
-			'TEXTAREA (escape+attrs)' => array( 'a<textarea>has no need to escape</textarea>b', 2, 'but it does for </textarea not an="attribute">', 'a<textarea>but it does for &lt;/textarea not an="attribute"></textarea>b' ),
-			'TITLE tag'               => array( 'a<title>has no need to escape</title>b', 2, "so it <doesn't>", "a<title>so it <doesn't></title>b" ),
-			'TITLE (escape)'          => array( 'a<title>has no need to escape</title>b', 2, 'but it does for </title>', 'a<title>but it does for &lt;/title></title>b' ),
-			'TITLE (escape+attrs)'    => array( 'a<title>has no need to escape</title>b', 2, 'but it does for </title not an="attribute">', 'a<title>but it does for &lt;/title not an="attribute"></title>b' ),
+			'Text node (start)'               => array( 'Text', 1, 'Blubber', 'Blubber' ),
+			'Text node (middle)'              => array( '<em>Bold move</em>', 2, 'yo', '<em>yo</em>' ),
+			'Text node (end)'                 => array( '<img>of a dog', 2, 'of a cat', '<img>of a cat' ),
+			'Encoded text node'               => array( '<figcaption>birds and dogs</figcaption>', 2, '<birds> & <dogs>', '<figcaption>&lt;birds&gt; &amp; &lt;dogs&gt;</figcaption>' ),
+			'SCRIPT tag'                      => array( 'before<script></script>after', 2, 'const img = "<img> & <br>";', 'before<script>const img = "<img> & <br>";</script>after' ),
+			'STYLE tag'                       => array( '<style></style>', 1, 'p::before { content: "<img> & </style>"; }', '<style>p::before { content: "<img> & </\73tyle>"; }</style>' ),
+			'STYLE tag (mixed casing)'        => array( '<style></style>', 1, 'p::before { content: "<img> & </StYlE>"; }', '<style>p::before { content: "<img> & </\53tYlE>"; }</style>' ),
+			'STYLE tag (trailing characters)' => array( '<style></style>', 1, "p::before { content: \"<img> & </style\t>\"; }", "<style>p::before { content: \"<img> & </\\73tyle\t>\"; }</style>" ),
+			'STYLE tag (non-closing tag)'     => array( '<style></style>', 1, 'p::before { content: "<img> & </stylesheet>"; }', '<style>p::before { content: "<img> & </stylesheet>"; }</style>' ),
+			'TEXTAREA tag'                    => array( 'a<textarea>has no need to escape</textarea>b', 2, "so it <doesn't>", "a<textarea>so it <doesn't></textarea>b" ),
+			'TEXTAREA (escape)'               => array( 'a<textarea>has no need to escape</textarea>b', 2, 'but it does for </textarea>', 'a<textarea>but it does for &lt;/textarea></textarea>b' ),
+			'TEXTAREA (escape+attrs)'         => array( 'a<textarea>has no need to escape</textarea>b', 2, 'but it does for </textarea not an="attribute">', 'a<textarea>but it does for &lt;/textarea not an="attribute"></textarea>b' ),
+			'TITLE tag'                       => array( 'a<title>has no need to escape</title>b', 2, "so it <doesn't>", "a<title>so it <doesn't></title>b" ),
+			'TITLE (escape)'                  => array( 'a<title>has no need to escape</title>b', 2, 'but it does for </title>', 'a<title>but it does for &lt;/title></title>b' ),
+			'TITLE (escape+attrs)'            => array( 'a<title>has no need to escape</title>b', 2, 'but it does for </title not an="attribute">', 'a<title>but it does for &lt;/title not an="attribute"></title>b' ),
 		);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Ensures that updates with potentially-compromising values aren't accepted.
 	 *
-	 * For example, a modifiable text update should be allowed which would break
-	 * the structure of the containing element, such as in a script or comment.
+	 * For example, a modifiable text update that would change the structure of the HTML
+	 * document is not allowed, like attempting to set `-->` within a comment or `</script>`
+	 * within a text/plain SCRIPT tag.
 	 *
 	 * @ticket 61617
+	 * @ticket 62797
 	 *
 	 * @dataProvider data_unallowed_modifiable_text_updates
 	 *
 	 * @param string $html_with_nonempty_modifiable_text Will be used to find the test element.
 	 * @param string $invalid_update                     Update containing possibly-compromising text.
 	 */
-	public function test_rejects_updates_with_unallowed_substrings( string $html_with_nonempty_modifiable_text, string $invalid_update ) {
+	public function test_rejects_dangerous_updates( string $html_with_nonempty_modifiable_text, string $invalid_update ) {
 		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( $html_with_nonempty_modifiable_text );
 
 		while ( '' === $processor->get_modifiable_text() && $processor->next_token() ) {
@@ -466,7 +471,7 @@ public function test_rejects_updates_with_unallowed_substrings( string $html_wit
 
 		$this->assertFalse(
 			$processor->set_modifiable_text( $invalid_update ),
-			'Should have reject possibly-compromising modifiable text update.'
+			'Should have rejected possibly-compromising modifiable text update.'
 		);
 
 		// Flush updates.
@@ -486,11 +491,152 @@ public function test_rejects_updates_with_unallowed_substrings( string $html_wit
 	 */
 	public static function data_unallowed_modifiable_text_updates() {
 		return array(
-			'Comment with -->'                 => array( '<!-- this is a comment -->', 'Comments end in -->' ),
-			'Comment with --!>'                => array( '<!-- this is a comment -->', 'Invalid but legitimate comments end in --!>' ),
-			'SCRIPT with </script>'            => array( '<script>Replace me</script>', 'Just a </script>' ),
-			'SCRIPT with </script attributes>' => array( '<script>Replace me</script>', 'before</script id=sneak>after' ),
-			'SCRIPT with "<script " opener'    => array( '<script>Replace me</script>', '<!--<script ' ),
+			'Comment with -->'                        => array( '<!-- this is a comment -->', 'Comments end in -->' ),
+			'Comment with --!>'                       => array( '<!-- this is a comment -->', 'Invalid but legitimate comments end in --!>' ),
+			'Non-JS SCRIPT with <script>'             => array( '<script type="text/html">Replace me</script>', '<!-- Just a <script>' ),
+			'Non-JS SCRIPT with </script>'            => array( '<script type="text/plain">Replace me</script>', 'Just a </script>' ),
+			'Non-JS SCRIPT with <script attributes>'  => array( '<script language="text">Replace me</script>', '<!-- <script sneaky>after' ),
+			'Non-JS SCRIPT with </script attributes>' => array( '<script language="text">Replace me</script>', 'before</script sneaky>after' ),
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Ensures that JavaScript script tag contents are safely updated.
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 62797
+	 *
+	 * @dataProvider data_script_tag_text_updates
+	 *
+	 * @param string $html     HTML containing a SCRIPT tag to be modified.
+	 * @param string $update   Update containing possibly-compromising text.
+	 * @param string $expected Expected result.
+	 */
+	public function test_safely_updates_script_tag_contents( string $html, string $update, string $expected ) {
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( $html );
+		$this->assertTrue( $processor->next_tag( 'SCRIPT' ) );
+		$this->assertTrue( $processor->set_modifiable_text( $update ) );
+		$this->assertSame( $expected, $processor->get_updated_html() );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Data provider.
+	 *
+	 * @return array[]
+	 */
+	public static function data_script_tag_text_updates(): array {
+		return array(
+			'Simple update'                         => array( '<script></script>', '{}', '<script>{}</script>' ),
+			'Needs no replacement'                  => array( '<script></script>', '<!--<scriptish>', '<script><!--<scriptish></script>' ),
+			'var script;1<script>0'                 => array( '<script></script>', 'var script;1<script>0', '<script>var script;1<\u0073cript>0</script>' ),
+			'1</script>/'                           => array( '<script></script>', '1</script>/', '<script>1</\u0073cript>/</script>' ),
+			'var SCRIPT;1<SCRIPT>0'                 => array( '<script></script>', 'var SCRIPT;1<SCRIPT>0', '<script>var SCRIPT;1<\u0053CRIPT>0</script>' ),
+			'1</SCRIPT>/'                           => array( '<script></script>', '1</SCRIPT>/', '<script>1</\u0053CRIPT>/</script>' ),
+			'"</script>"'                           => array( '<script></script>', '"</script>"', '<script>"</\u0073cript>"</script>' ),
+			'"</ScRiPt>"'                           => array( '<script></script>', '"</ScRiPt>"', '<script>"</\u0053cRiPt>"</script>' ),
+			'Tricky script open tag with \r'        => array( '<script></script>', "<!-- <script\r>", "<script><!-- <\\u0073cript\r></script>" ),
+			'Tricky script open tag with \r\n'      => array( '<script></script>', "<!-- <script\r\n>", "<script><!-- <\\u0073cript\r\n></script>" ),
+			'Tricky script close tag with \r'       => array( '<script></script>', "// </script\r>", "<script>// </\\u0073cript\r></script>" ),
+			'Tricky script close tag with \r\n'     => array( '<script></script>', "// </script\r\n>", "<script>// </\\u0073cript\r\n></script>" ),
+			'Module tag'                            => array( '<script type="module"></script>', '"<script>"', '<script type="module">"<\u0073cript>"</script>' ),
+			'Tag with type'                         => array( '<script type="text/javascript"></script>', '"<script>"', '<script type="text/javascript">"<\u0073cript>"</script>' ),
+			'Tag with language'                     => array( '<script language="javascript"></script>', '"<script>"', '<script language="javascript">"<\u0073cript>"</script>' ),
+			'Non-JS script, save HTML-like content' => array( '<script type="text/html"></script>', '<h1>This & that</h1>', '<script type="text/html"><h1>This & that</h1></script>' ),
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 64419
+	 */
+	public function test_complex_javascript_and_json_auto_escaping() {
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( "<script></script>\n<script></script>\n<hr>" );
+		$processor->next_tag( 'SCRIPT' );
+		$processor->set_attribute( 'type', 'importmap' );
+		$importmap_data = array(
+			'imports' => array(
+				'</SCRIPT>\\<!--\\<script>' => './script',
+			),
+		);
+
+		$importmap = json_encode(
+			$importmap_data,
+			JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES | JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE | JSON_UNESCAPED_LINE_TERMINATORS
+		);
+
+		$processor->set_modifiable_text( "\n{$importmap}\n" );
+		$decoded_importmap = json_decode( $processor->get_modifiable_text(), true );
+		$this->assertSame( JSON_ERROR_NONE, json_last_error(), 'JSON failed to decode correctly.' );
+		$this->assertEquals( $importmap_data, $decoded_importmap );
+		$processor->next_tag( 'SCRIPT' );
+		$processor->set_attribute( 'type', 'module' );
+		$javascript = <<<'JS'
+import '</SCRIPT>\\<!--\\<script>';
+JS;
+		$processor->set_modifiable_text( "\n{$javascript}\n" );
+
+		$expected = <<<'HTML'
+<script type="importmap">
+{"imports":{"\u003C/SCRIPT>\\\u003C!--\\\u003Cscript>":"./script"}}
+</script>
+<script type="module">
+import '</\u0053CRIPT>\\<!--\\<\u0073cript>';
+</script>
+<hr>
+HTML;
+
+		$updated_html = $processor->get_updated_html();
+		$this->assertEqualHTML( $expected, $updated_html );
+
+		// Reprocess to ensure JSON survives HTML round-trip:
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( $updated_html );
+		$processor->next_tag( 'SCRIPT' );
+		$this->assertSame( 'importmap', $processor->get_attribute( 'type' ) );
+		$importmap_json    = $processor->get_modifiable_text();
+		$decoded_importmap = json_decode( $importmap_json, true );
+		$this->assertSame( JSON_ERROR_NONE, json_last_error(), 'Importmap JSON failed to decode.' );
+		$this->assertEquals(
+			$importmap_data,
+			$decoded_importmap,
+			'JSON was not equal after re-processing updated HTML.'
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 64419
+	 */
+	public function test_json_auto_escaping() {
+		// This is not a typical JSON encoding or escaping, but it is valid.
+		$json_text             = '"Escaped BS: \\\\; Escaped BS+LT: \\\\<; Unescaped LT: <; Script closer: </script>"';
+		$expected_decoded_json = 'Escaped BS: \\; Escaped BS+LT: \\<; Unescaped LT: <; Script closer: </script>';
+		$decoded_json          = json_decode( $json_text );
+		$this->assertSame( JSON_ERROR_NONE, json_last_error(), 'JSON failed to decode.' );
+		$this->assertSame(
+			$expected_decoded_json,
+			$decoded_json,
+			'Decoded JSON did not match expected value.'
+		);
+
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( '<script type="application/json"></script>' );
+		$processor->next_tag( 'SCRIPT' );
+
+		$processor->set_modifiable_text( "\n{$json_text}\n" );
+
+		$expected = <<<'HTML'
+<script type="application/json">
+"Escaped BS: \\; Escaped BS+LT: \\\u003C; Unescaped LT: \u003C; Script closer: \u003C/script>"
+</script>
+HTML;
+
+		$updated_html = $processor->get_updated_html();
+		$this->assertEqualHTML( $expected, $updated_html );
+
+		// Reprocess to ensure JSON value survives HTML round-trip:
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( $updated_html );
+		$processor->next_tag( 'SCRIPT' );
+		$decoded_json_from_html = json_decode( $processor->get_modifiable_text(), true );
+		$this->assertSame( JSON_ERROR_NONE, json_last_error(), 'JSON failed to decode.' );
+		$this->assertEquals(
+			$expected_decoded_json,
+			$decoded_json_from_html
 		);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/tests/phpunit/tests/html-api/wpHtmlTagProcessorScriptTag.php b/tests/phpunit/tests/html-api/wpHtmlTagProcessorScriptTag.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..f7da39a887d71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/phpunit/tests/html-api/wpHtmlTagProcessorScriptTag.php
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Unit tests covering WP_HTML_Tag_Processor script tag functionality.
+ *
+ * @package WordPress
+ * @subpackage HTML-API
+ *
+ * @group html-api
+ *
+ * @coversDefaultClass WP_HTML_Tag_Processor
+ */
+class Tests_HtmlApi_WpHtmlTagProcessorScriptTag extends WP_UnitTestCase {
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 64419
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_HTML_Tag_Processor::is_javascript_script_tag
+	 *
+	 * @dataProvider data_is_javascript_script_tag
+	 *
+	 * @param string $html             HTML containing a script tag.
+	 * @param bool   $expected_result  Whether the script tag should be identified as JavaScript.
+	 */
+	public function test_is_javascript_script_tag( string $html, bool $expected_result ) {
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( $html );
+		$processor->next_tag();
+
+		$result = ( function () {
+			return $this->is_javascript_script_tag();
+		} )->call( $processor );
+		$this->assertSame(
+			$expected_result,
+			$result,
+			'Failed to correctly identify JavaScript script tag'
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Data provider for test_is_javascript_script_tag.
+	 *
+	 * @return array[]
+	 */
+	public static function data_is_javascript_script_tag(): array {
+		return array(
+			// Script tags without type or language attributes - should be JavaScript.
+			'Script tag without attributes'              => array( '<script></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with other attributes'           => array( '<script id="test"></script>', true ),
+
+			// Script tags with empty type attribute - should be JavaScript.
+			'Script tag with empty type attribute'       => array( '<script type=""></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with boolean type attribute'     => array( '<script type></script>', true ),
+
+			// Script tags with falsy but non-empty type attribute.
+			'Script tag with type="0"'                   => array( '<script type="0"></script>', false ),
+
+			// Script tags without type but with language attribute - should be JavaScript.
+			'Script tag with empty language attribute'   => array( '<script language=""></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with boolean language attribute' => array( '<script language></script>', true ),
+
+			// Script tags with falsy but non-empty language attribute.
+			'Script tag with language="0"'               => array( '<script language="0"></script>', false ),
+
+			// Script tags with JavaScript MIME essence - should be JavaScript.
+			'Script tag with application/ecmascript'     => array( '<script type="application/ecmascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with application/javascript'     => array( '<script type="application/javascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with application/x-ecmascript'   => array( '<script type="application/x-ecmascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with application/x-javascript'   => array( '<script type="application/x-javascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/ecmascript'            => array( '<script type="text/ecmascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/javascript'            => array( '<script type="text/javascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/javascript1.0'         => array( '<script type="text/javascript1.0"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/javascript1.1'         => array( '<script type="text/javascript1.1"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/javascript1.2'         => array( '<script type="text/javascript1.2"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/javascript1.3'         => array( '<script type="text/javascript1.3"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/javascript1.4'         => array( '<script type="text/javascript1.4"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/javascript1.5'         => array( '<script type="text/javascript1.5"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/jscript'               => array( '<script type="text/jscript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/livescript'            => array( '<script type="text/livescript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/x-ecmascript'          => array( '<script type="text/x-ecmascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/x-javascript'          => array( '<script type="text/x-javascript"></script>', true ),
+
+			// Case-insensitive matching for JavaScript MIME essence.
+			'Script tag with UPPERCASE type'             => array( '<script type="TEXT/JAVASCRIPT"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with MixedCase type'             => array( '<script type="Text/JavaScript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with APPLICATION/JAVASCRIPT'     => array( '<script type="APPLICATION/JAVASCRIPT"></script>', true ),
+
+			// Script tags with module type - should be JavaScript.
+			'Script tag with module type'                => array( '<script type="module"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with MODULE type uppercase'      => array( '<script type="MODULE"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with MoDuLe type mixed case'     => array( '<script type="MoDuLe"></script>', true ),
+
+			// Script tags with whitespace around type - should strip whitespace.
+			'Script tag with leading whitespace'         => array( '<script type=" text/javascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with trailing whitespace'        => array( '<script type="text/javascript "></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with surrounding whitespace'     => array( '<script type=" text/javascript "></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with tab whitespace'             => array( "<script type=\"\ttext/javascript\t\"></script>", true ),
+			'Script tag with newline whitespace'         => array( "<script type=\"\ntext/javascript\n\"></script>", true ),
+			'Script tag with mixed whitespace'           => array( "<script type=\" \t\ntext/javascript \t\n\"></script>", true ),
+
+			// Script tags with language attribute and non-empty value - should use text/{language}.
+			'Script tag with language="javascript"'      => array( '<script language="javascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with language="JavaScript"'      => array( '<script language="JavaScript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with language="ecmascript"'      => array( '<script language="ecmascript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with language="jscript"'         => array( '<script language="jscript"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with language="livescript"'      => array( '<script language="livescript"></script>', true ),
+
+			// Whitespace is not trimmed in the language attribute.
+			'Script tag with language=" javascript"'     => array( '<script language=" javascript"></script>', false ),
+
+			// Non-JavaScript script tags - should NOT be JavaScript.
+			'Script tag with importmap type'             => array( '<script type="importmap"></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with speculationrules type'      => array( '<script type="speculationrules"></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with application/json type'      => array( '<script type="application/json"></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with text/json type'             => array( '<script type="text/json"></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with unknown MIME type'          => array( '<script type="text/plain"></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with application/xml type'       => array( '<script type="application/xml"></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with random type'                => array( '<script type="random/type"></script>', false ),
+
+			// Non-script tags - should NOT be JavaScript.
+			'DIV tag'                                    => array( '<div></div>', false ),
+			'SPAN tag'                                   => array( '<span></span>', false ),
+			'P tag'                                      => array( '<p></p>', false ),
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 64419
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_HTML_Tag_Processor::is_javascript_script_tag
+	 */
+	public function test_is_javascript_script_tag_returns_false_before_finding_tags() {
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( 'Just some text' );
+		$processor->next_token();
+		$result = ( function () {
+			return $this->is_javascript_script_tag();
+		} )->call( $processor );
+		$this->assertFalse(
+			$result,
+			'Should return false when not stopped on script tag'
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 64419
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_HTML_Tag_Processor::is_javascript_script_tag
+	 */
+	public function test_is_javascript_script_tag_returns_false_for_non_html_namespace() {
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( '<script></script>' );
+		$processor->change_parsing_namespace( 'svg' );
+		$processor->next_tag();
+		$this->assertSame( 'SCRIPT', $processor->get_tag() );
+		$result = ( function () {
+			return $this->is_javascript_script_tag();
+		} )->call( $processor );
+		$this->assertFalse(
+			$result,
+			'Should return false for script tags in non-HTML namespace'
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 64419
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_HTML_Tag_Processor::is_json_script_tag
+	 *
+	 * @dataProvider data_is_json_script_tag
+	 *
+	 * @param string $html             HTML containing a script tag.
+	 * @param bool   $expected_result  Whether the script tag should be identified as JSON.
+	 */
+	public function test_is_json_script_tag( string $html, bool $expected_result ) {
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( $html );
+		$processor->next_tag();
+		$result = ( function () {
+			return $this->is_json_script_tag();
+		} )->call( $processor );
+		$this->assertSame(
+			$expected_result,
+			$result,
+			'Failed to correctly identify JSON script tag'
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Data provider for test_is_json_script_tag.
+	 *
+	 * @return array[]
+	 */
+	public static function data_is_json_script_tag(): array {
+		return array(
+			// JSON MIME types - should be JSON.
+			'Script tag with application/json type'      => array( '<script type="application/json"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with text/json type'             => array( '<script type="text/json"></script>', true ),
+
+			// importmap and speculationrules - should be JSON.
+			'Script tag with importmap type'             => array( '<script type="importmap"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with speculationrules type'      => array( '<script type="speculationrules"></script>', true ),
+
+			// Case-insensitive matching for JSON types.
+			'Script tag with APPLICATION/JSON uppercase' => array( '<script type="APPLICATION/JSON"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with Text/Json mixed case'       => array( '<script type="Text/Json"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with IMPORTMAP uppercase'        => array( '<script type="IMPORTMAP"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with ImportMap mixed case'       => array( '<script type="ImportMap"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with SPECULATIONRULES uppercase' => array( '<script type="SPECULATIONRULES"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with SpeculationRules mixed'     => array( '<script type="SpeculationRules"></script>', true ),
+
+			// Whitespace handling - should strip whitespace.
+			'Script tag with leading whitespace'         => array( '<script type=" application/json"></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with trailing whitespace'        => array( '<script type="application/json "></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with surrounding whitespace'     => array( '<script type=" application/json "></script>', true ),
+			'Script tag with tab whitespace'             => array( "<script type=\"\tapplication/json\t\"></script>", true ),
+			'Script tag with newline whitespace'         => array( "<script type=\"\napplication/json\n\"></script>", true ),
+			'Script tag with mixed whitespace'           => array( "<script type=\" \t\napplication/json \t\n\"></script>", true ),
+
+			// Non-JSON script tags - should NOT be JSON.
+			'Script tag without type attribute'          => array( '<script></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with empty type attribute'       => array( '<script type=""></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with boolean type attribute'     => array( '<script type></script>', false ),
+
+			// Script tags with falsy but non-empty type attribute.
+			'Script tag with type="0"'                   => array( '<script type="0"></script>', false ),
+
+			'Script tag with text/javascript type'       => array( '<script type="text/javascript"></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with module type'                => array( '<script type="module"></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with unknown MIME type'          => array( '<script type="text/plain"></script>', false ),
+			'Script tag with application/xml type'       => array( '<script type="application/xml"></script>', false ),
+
+			// Non-script tags - should NOT be JSON.
+			'DIV tag'                                    => array( '<div></div>', false ),
+			'SPAN tag'                                   => array( '<span></span>', false ),
+			'P tag'                                      => array( '<p></p>', false ),
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 64419
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_HTML_Tag_Processor::is_json_script_tag
+	 */
+	public function test_is_json_script_tag_returns_false_before_finding_tags() {
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( 'Just some text' );
+		$processor->next_token();
+		$result = ( function () {
+			return $this->is_json_script_tag();
+		} )->call( $processor );
+		$this->assertFalse(
+			$result,
+			'Should return false when not stopped on script tag'
+		);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 64419
+	 *
+	 * @covers WP_HTML_Tag_Processor::is_json_script_tag
+	 */
+	public function test_is_json_script_tag_returns_false_for_non_html_namespace() {
+		$processor = new WP_HTML_Tag_Processor( '<script></script>' );
+		$processor->change_parsing_namespace( 'svg' );
+		$processor->next_tag();
+		$this->assertSame( 'SCRIPT', $processor->get_tag() );
+		$result = ( function () {
+			return $this->is_json_script_tag();
+		} )->call( $processor );
+		$this->assertFalse(
+			$result,
+			'Should return false for script tags in non-HTML namespace'
+		);
+	}
+}