Colab setup fails: pinned `pyarrow==9.0.0` has no wheels for Py3.11+ → install cell breaks

[John6666cat]

by GPT

Summary
The Unit 1 “Introduction to Diffusers” notebook still installs pyarrow==9.0.0. On Colab (Python 3.11/3.12), that pin has no prebuilt wheels, so the first setup cell fails with “Failed building wheel for pyarrow”.

Where
Unit 1 → Introduction to Diffusers → Step 1: Setup. The page shows:

%pip install -qq -U diffusers datasets transformers accelerate ftfy pyarrow==9.0.0
# source: https://huggingface.co/learn/diffusion-course/en/unit1/2

Steps to reproduce

1. Open the “Introduction to Diffusers” notebook via the “Open in Colab” button.
2. Run the first install cell.
3. Observe error:

Building wheel for pyarrow (pyproject.toml) ... error
ERROR: Failed building wheel for pyarrow

Expected
Install finishes and notebook proceeds.

Actual
pyarrow==9.0.0 attempts a source build on Py3.11+ and fails because there is no wheel for that Python version.

Why this happens
PyArrow 9.0.0 predates Python 3.11 wheels. On current Colab runtimes (3.11/3.12), pip cannot find a wheel and falls back to compiling, which fails in the base image.

Workarounds that fix it

• Easiest: drop the pin entirely and let pip choose a compatible wheel:

  %pip install -qq -U diffusers datasets transformers accelerate ftfy
  %pip install -qq -U pyarrow  # only if datasets later asks for it

• Or explicitly require a modern Arrow:

  %pip install -qq -U "pyarrow>=18"

• Optional safeguard to avoid accidental source builds:

  %pip install -qq -U pyarrow --only-binary=:all:

Proposed change
Update the install cell across course materials to either:

%pip install -qq -U diffusers datasets transformers accelerate ftfy

or:

%pip install -qq -U diffusers datasets transformers accelerate ftfy "pyarrow>=18"

This aligns with current Colab Python versions and modern wheel availability.

References

• Course page still pins pyarrow==9.0.0 in Step 1 (accessed Oct 7, 2025). (Hugging Face)
• Apache Arrow tracking: no Py3.11 wheels for pyarrow 9.0.0 (Oct 2022 → Jan 2023). (issues.apache.org)
• Colab moved to newer Python by default in 2025, so users are on 3.11/3.12 and hit this pin. (GitHub)
• Current PyArrow docs show support for modern Python versions, so a newer wheel is appropriate. (Apache Arrow)
• Community report reproducing this exact failure on the course notebook in Colab. (discuss.huggingface.co)